How the system works
A high-level system map. Component roles and exact circuit behavior vary by vehicle.
- 01Load supportSprings support weight
- 02Motion controlDampers control motion
- 03Wheel locationLinks and joints locate the wheel
- 04Movement isolationBushings isolate controlled movement
- 05Tire alignmentGeometry keeps the tire aligned with the road
Major components in context
Supports load and allows suspension travel
System contextControls spring and body motion
System contextLocates the wheel through a designed path
System contextAllows movement while carrying directional load
System contextSupport smooth wheel rotation
System contextSymptom patterns and first direction
Clunk over bumps
Reproduce carefully and inspect loaded joints, mounts, links, and loose items.
Follow the diagnostic pathSYMPTOMUneven tire wear or pull
Inspect tire condition and looseness before requesting alignment.
Follow the diagnostic pathSYMPTOMBouncing, sagging, or unstable ride
Compare corners and inspect springs, dampers, load, and ride-height control.
Follow the diagnostic pathA system-level diagnostic method
Record speed, surface, steering, braking, and load conditions
Inspect tires and wheel mounting first
Check for play using the correct loaded or unloaded method
Inspect bushings, mounts, springs, dampers, and structure
Align only after worn or damaged parts are corrected
Evidence worth preserving
Repeatable location and trigger
Loaded joint and bushing movement
Leakage, damage, ride height, or wear pattern
Alignment measurements after mechanical inspection
Use the VIN, installed equipment, current manufacturer information, and applicable safety rules.
Safety and professional boundary
Stored spring energy and support warning
Suspension springs store enough energy to cause severe injury. Use approved lift points and support; never disassemble a loaded spring without the correct equipment and procedure.